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<td class="pageTitle" nowrap="true">Artifact: 业务用例模型</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">业务用例模型是业务目标和预期功能的模型。它用作基本输入，来确定组织中的角色和可交付工件。</td>
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<tr>
<td>Domains: <a href="./../../rup_bm/domains/business_modeling_rup_CDDF8485.html" guid="_8loI0CuREdqL6tsHh4YXGw">业务建模</a>
<br>Work Product Kinds: <a href="./../../rup/workproducttypes/model_C75A0621.html" guid="_mTMIkN7REdmjRZts2c4ZjQ">模型</a></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Purpose</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a id="Top" name="Top"></a><a key="业务用例模型（business use-case model）" text="作为工件" name="XE_business_use-case_model__as_artifact" id="XE_business_use-case_model__as_artifact" class="index"></a><a key="业务用例模型（business use-case model）" text="用途" name="XE_business_use-case_model__purpose_of" id="XE_business_use-case_model__purpose_of" class="index"></a><a id="Purpose" name="Purpose"></a> 
<p>
    业务用例模型描述业务的方向和目的。方向是以业务目标的形式提供的，目标是从业务策略中派生出来的，而目的则表示为增值和与业务的项目干系人和客户交互的手段。
</p>
<p>
    项目干系人、业务流程分析人员和业务设计人员使用业务用例模型来了解和改进业务与环境交互的方式，系统分析人员和软件架构师使用业务用例模型为软件开发提供环境。项目经理使用业务用例模型，在业务建模和跟踪进度期间计划迭代环境。
</p></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Relationships</div>
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<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Contained Artifacts</th><td class="sectionTableCell" colspan="2">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/workproducts/rup_business_actor_25438422.html" guid="{EAD1B7E7-30C9-4494-B369-7F9E16A5329B}">业务参与者</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/workproducts/rup_business_goal_D99D08F9.html" guid="{6DC6732B-E7F1-495E-B5EC-AEBFD7BE80FE}">业务目标</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/workproducts/rup_business_use_case_14F1BAF2.html" guid="{587A849E-B5F2-4B17-8C7F-1C59B0F5612D}">业务用例</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
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<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Roles</th><td class="sectionTableCell" width="42%"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Responsible:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/roles/rup_business_process_analyst_B9668ABF.html" guid="{76FAC4FE-AA09-48AC-85A5-68BD1EE8A86A}">业务流程分析人员</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Modified By:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/roles/rup_business_architect_bom_26A8745F.html" guid="_RqlJIBpWEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">业务架构设计师</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/roles/rup_business_process_analyst_B9668ABF.html" guid="{76FAC4FE-AA09-48AC-85A5-68BD1EE8A86A}">业务流程分析人员</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/roles/rup_business_designer_30BD5E18.html" guid="{75C2C53E-AAB7-48F1-8CF6-ABA55D1C3469}">业务设计员</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Tasks</th><td class="sectionTableCell" width="42%"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Input To:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_define_system_context_B5AA9CB3.html" guid="_tPtHgBpVEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">定义业务系统环境</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/structure_business_use_case_model_14C5A103.html" guid="{CBD0232E-3AE5-49A7-AF3B-A251179D18D6}">构造业务用例模型的框架</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_prioritize_use_cases_B1D2ADEE.html" guid="_31oH4BpWEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">划分业务用例的优先级</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/review_the_business_use_case_model_B683345A.html" guid="{9FDA0E91-E5C1-4B4D-A4E6-4CF74655542F}">评审业务用例模型</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_operation_analysis_8DABA14.html" guid="_jMFtgBpVEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">业务操作分析</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_operation_design_CB34E401.html" guid="_nJsykBpVEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">业务操作设计</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_uc_analysis_60F4BCAE.html" guid="_T1XJMBpXEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">业务用例分析</a>
</li>
</ul>
<br>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/find_actors_and_use_cases_1ACB35F0.html" guid="{3CD5FA7E-160C-4A39-9DEB-C6D162D8AECD}">查找参与者和用例</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/define_automation_reqs_E0971AE5.html" guid="{E7491E4A-26FE-4CF1-8646-353DDBA3B9A5}">定义自动化需求</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/capture_common_vocabulary_9BA76DA7.html" guid="{962AC6BA-4ACA-4D7D-B56F-24558A026854}">获取常用词汇表 </a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/maintain_business_rules_BFA8C64F.html" guid="{4BECA989-3039-45EE-858F-89077A154504}">维护业务规则 </a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_architectural_analysis_630ADB6.html" guid="_xfhhcBpWEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">业务架构分析</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_vision_D9584F04.html" guid="{7069CFB7-77C3-4B44-B8A2-9CCA752BDDDA}">制定愿景</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">Output From:
								</span>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/find_business_actors_and_use_cases_2D0CD77E.html" guid="{1CCEB101-0027-451C-81CA-521D8B127F98}">查找业务参与者和用例 </a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_define_system_context_B5AA9CB3.html" guid="_tPtHgBpVEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">定义业务系统环境</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/structure_business_use_case_model_14C5A103.html" guid="{CBD0232E-3AE5-49A7-AF3B-A251179D18D6}">构造业务用例模型的框架</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_prioritize_use_cases_B1D2ADEE.html" guid="_31oH4BpWEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">划分业务用例的优先级</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/tasks/bm_operation_analysis_8DABA14.html" guid="_jMFtgBpVEdqUwb9RAn2tTA">业务操作分析</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">Illustrations	</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Templates</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../nup_base/guidances/templates/business_use-case_specification_patch_639429F9.html" guid="_MtPA8J_dEd2t4uECgwsv_w">业务用例规约</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Reports</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/reports/business_actor_5A1891FD.html" guid="2.9269438230021664E-305">业务参与者</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/reports/business_use_case_2B4501D8.html" guid="4.2989820722729785E-306">业务用例</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/reports/business_use_case_model_survey_AAE85.html" guid="1.67459302839054E-306">业务用例模型调查</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Examples</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../nup_base/guidances/examples/business_model_example_CD8F609A.html" guid="_IRA-UKDPEd2f9Y2qRFVurQ">业务模型</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sectionHeading">Tailoring</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Representation Options</th><td class="sectionTableCell"><p>
    UML 说明：模型，构造型为 &lt;&lt;business use-case model&gt;&gt;
</p>
<p>
    <strong>业务用例模型</strong>可能有以下<strong>属性</strong>：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        <strong>简介：</strong>文本描述，作为模型的简要简介。
    </li>
    <li>
        <strong>调查描述：</strong>文本描述，包含业务用例模型的其余部分未反映的信息，这些信息包括用户使用业务用例的典型顺序和业务用例模型未实现的功能。
    </li>
    <li>
        <strong>业务用例包：</strong>模型中的包，表示层次结构。
    </li>
    <li>
        <strong>业务目标：</strong>模型中的业务目标，为包所有。
    </li>
    <li>
        <strong>业务用例：</strong>模型中的业务用例，为包所有。
    </li>
    <li>
        <strong>业务参与者：</strong>模型中的业务参与者，为包所有。
    </li>
    <li>
        <strong>关系：</strong>模型中的关系，为包所有。
    </li>
    <li>
        <strong>图：</strong>模型中的图，为包所有。
    </li>
</ul>
<p>
    <a id="Tailoring" name="Tailoring"></a>
</p>
<p>
    如果业务建模工作是为了<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/guidances/termdefinitions/business_reengineering_8A1CC1F0.html" guid="_x87h-dnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">重建</a>目标组织，则应考虑维护业务用例模型的两个变体：一个显示当前组织的业务参与者和业务用例（有时称为“按现状”）；另一个显示具有新业务参与者和业务用例的目标组织（“待实现”）。&nbsp;
</p>
<p>
    如果您在考虑对目标组织的工作方式进行重大的设计变更（<a class="elementLink" href="./../../rup/guidances/termdefinitions/business_reengineering_8A1CC1F0.html" guid="_x87h-dnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">业务重建（business reengineering）</a>），则需要进行这种划分，否则在进行重新设计时将根本不了解真正建议变更的实际内容，您将无法估计那些变更的影响或成本。
    这就好像一个建筑师在没有现有蓝图可以着手工作的情况下，被要求就将市政厅改为三座公寓拟定计划一样。
</p>
<p>
    维护两个业务用例模型的成本是不可忽略的，您应仔细考虑对当前的模型投入多大工作量。通常，只需确定和简要描述业务用例和业务参与者。也可以简短概括出您确定对工作很关键的业务用例，或许可以用简单的活动图来进行说明。
    选择详细程度时应以实现对目标组织的共同理解为目标。
</p>
<p>
    在以下情况下，不需要这样划分：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        没有“新的”组织（目标是记录现有组织）
    </li>
    <li>
        没有现有组织（<a class="elementLink" href="./../../rup/guidances/termdefinitions/business_creation_ABCA16F6.html" guid="_x8e2CdnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">业务创建（business creation）</a>）
    </li>
</ul>
<p>
    另请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/target-organization_assessment_12E226AB.html" guid="3.597182128577358E-305">Guideline: 目标组织评估</a>。&nbsp;
</p>
<p>
    <em>请注意：当对现有组织进行建模以创建“按现状”模型时，您只需创建业务用例、业务参与者和关键业务事件的简要描述，并将这些内容与现有业务目标关联，因为您可以更直接地获取实现这些业务用例的实际当前业务流程。当前业务用例充当锚点以说明当前业务流程的目的。当目的是创建业务时，对于还不存在的业务，新的业务用例是业务目标实现的<strong>规约</strong>。因此，它们需要更多的详细信息。</em>
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<div class="sectionHeading">More Information</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Checklists</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/checklists/business_use_case_model_B274F09B.html" guid="4.711534452653233E-306">业务用例模型</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Guidelines</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/business_use-case_model_1C8E857B.html" guid="3.9905535055726305E-306">业务用例模型</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/include-relationship_in_the_business_use-case_model_F3DC3A5B.html" guid="8.096716256124967E-305">业务用例模型中的包含关系</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/actor-generalization_in_the_business_use-case_model_5527CF57.html" guid="1.5325179132148465E-305">业务用例模型中的参与者泛化关系</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/extend-relationship_in_the_business_use-case_model_17CD0314.html" guid="3.452362968952187E-305">业务用例模型中的扩展关系</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/communicate-association_in_the_business_use-case_model_AD8D9B52.html" guid="1.5648316985246474E-304">业务用例模型中的通信关联关系</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/use-case-generalization_in_the_business_use-case_model_7244BA6B.html" guid="1.7507761609726586E-307">业务用例模型中的用例泛化关系</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup_bm/guidances/guidelines/use-case_diagram_in_the_business_use-case_model_7EDC66A9.html" guid="5.262865002826741E-306">业务用例模型中的用例图</a>
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